MEMAHAMI HUBUNGAN KEBUTUHAN UNTUK POPULER DAN KETERBUKAAN DIRI (SELFDISCLOSURE) PADA PENGGUNA FACEBOOK: SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR

Retno Setyaningsih

Abstract


Facebook menyediakan fasilitas bagi penggunanya untuk mengelola kesan mengenai identitas yang ditampilkan. Media sosial ini juga menyediakan jaringan pertemanan yang besar, sehingga seseorang yang ingin populer dalam jaringan tersebut terdorong untuk membuka informasi diri sebanyak-banyaknya. Seolah tanpa memikirkan risiko, pengguna Facebook sangat aktif membuka diri melalui unggah status, foto atau video. Oleh karena itu muncul pertanyaan, bagaimana dinamika hubungan antara  kebutuhan untuk populer dengan keterbukaan diri pengguna Facebook. Jawaban itu coba ditelusuri melalui telaah literatur pada 5 studi empiris (2 diantaranya mengambil sampel orang Indonesia). Hasil telaah literatur menunjukkan bahwa beberapa teori dipakai sebagai dasar pembangun hipotesis, seperti uses and gratification theory dan social enhancement dan social compensation hypothesis. Kebutuhan untuk populer merupakan prediktor yang baik untuk keterbukaan diri pengguna Facebook dalam berbagai konteks. Dinamika hubungan tersebut didiskusikan dalam tulisan ini

 

Kata kunci: media sosial, facebook, need for popularity, self-disclosure


Keywords


media sosial; facebook; need for popularity; self-disclosure

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ardi, R., & Maison, D. (2014). How do Polish and Indonesian disclose in Facebook? Differences in online self-disclosure, need for popularity, need to belong and self esteem. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 12(3), 195–218. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-01-2014-0006

Boyd, D. (2014). It ’ s complicated: the social lives of networked teens. London: Yale University Press.

Bryce, J., & Fraser, J. (2014). The role of disclosure of personal information in the evaluation of risk and trust in young peoples’ online interactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 299–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.09.012

Chen, J. V., Widjaja, A. E., & Yen, D. C. (2015). Need for Affiliation, Need for Popularity, Self-Esteem, and the Moderating Effect of Big Five Personality Traits Affecting Individuals’ Self-Disclosure on Facebook. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 31(11), 815–831. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2015.1067479

Christofides, E., Muise, A., & Desmarais, S. (2009). Information Disclosure and Control on Facebook: Are They Two Sides of the Same Coin or Two Different Processes? CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(3), 341–345. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0226

Christofides, E., Muise, A., & Desmarais, S. (2012). Hey mom, what’s on your Facebook? Comparing Facebook disclosure and privacy in adolescents and adults. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 3(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550611408619

Davis, K. (2012). Tensions of identity in a networked era: Young people’s perspectives on the risks and rewards of online self-expression. New Media & Society, 14, 634–651. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444811422430

Herring, S. C., & Kapidzic, S. (2015). Teens, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Social Media. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (second, pp. 146–152). Oxford: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.64108-9

Jourard, S. M. (1958). A Study of Self- Disclosure. Scientific American, 198(5), 77–82.

Keipi, T., & Oksanen, A. (2014). Self-exploration, anonymity and risks in the online setting: analysis of narratives by 14–18-year olds. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(8), 1097–1113. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2014.881988

Lee, K.-T., Noh, M.-J., & Koo, D.-M. (2013). Lonely people are no longer lonely on social networking sites: the mediating role of self-disclosure and social support. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(6), 413–8. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0553

Lee, S.-J., & Chae, Y.-G. (2012). Balancing Participation and Risks in Children’s Internet Use: The Role of Internet Literacy and Parental Mediation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(5), 257–262. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0552

Livingstone, S. (2008). Taking risky opportunities in youthful content creation: Teenagers’ use of social networking sites for intimacy, privacy and self-expression. New Media & Society, 10(3), 393–411. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808089415

Madden, M., Lenhart, A., & Cortesi, S. (2013). Teens, social media, and privacy. Pew Internet & …. Retrieved from http://www.lateledipenelope.it/public/52dff2e35b812.pdf

Mcfarland, L. A., & Ployhart, R. E. (2015). INTEGRATIVE CONCEPTUAL REVIEW Social Media : A Contextual Framework to

Guide Research and Practice, 100(6), 1653–1677.

Mitchell, K. J., Finkelhor, D., & Wolak, J. (2007). Youth Internet Users at Risk for the Most Serious Online Sexual Solicitations, 32(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2007.02.001

Nadkarni, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). Why do people use Facebook ? Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 243–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.007

Nguyen, M., Bin, Y. S., & Campbell, A. (2012). Comparing Online and Offline Self-Disclosure: A Systematic Review. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0277

Omarzu, J. (2000). A disclosure decision model: Determining how and when individuals will self-disclose. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4(2), 174–185. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0402_05

Papacharissi, Z. (2009), “Uses and gratificationsâ€.’ in Stacks, D.W. and Salwen, M.B. (eds), An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research 2nd ed., Routledge, New York, NY, pp. 137-152.

Petronio, S. (2002). Boundaries of Privacy: Dialectics of Disclosure. Albany: State University of New York Press. https://doi.org/MAI BF697.5 S427 P48 2002

Posey, C., Lowry, P. B., Roberts, T. L., & Ellis, T. S. (2010). Proposing the online community self-disclosure model: the case of working professionals in France and the U.K. who use online communities. European Journal of Information Systems, 19(2), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2010.15

Rubin, A. M. (2009). Uses and Gratification Perspective on Media Effects. In J. Bryant & M. B. Oliver (Eds.), media Effects Advances in Theory and Research (Thirth Edi, pp. 165–184). London: Routledge.

Santor, D. A., Messervey, D., & Kusumakar, V. (2000). Measuring Peer Pressure, Popularity, and Conformity in Adolescent Boys and Girls: Predicting School Performance, Sexual Attitudes, and Substance Abuse. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 29(2), 163–182. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005152515264

Staksrud, E., Ólafsson, K., & Livingstone, S. (2013). Does the use of social networking sites increase children’s risk of harm? Computers in Human Behavior, 29(1), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.026

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1089/1094931041291295

Utz, S., Tanis, M., & Vermeulen, I. (2012). It Is All About Being Popular: The Effects of Need for Popularity on Social Network Site Use. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0651

Varis, P., & Blommaert, J. (2015). Conviviality and collectives on social media: Virality, memes, and new social structures. Multilingual Margins. A Journal of Multilingualism from the Periphery., 2(1), 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1145/2492517.2492530

Wheeless, L. R., & Grotz, J. (1976). Conceptualization and Measurement of Reported Self-Disclosure. Human Communication Research, 2(4), 338–346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00494.x

Zhao, S., Grasmuck, S., & Martin, J. (2008). Identity construction on Facebook: Digital empowerment in anchored relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1816–1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.012

Zywica, J., & Danowski, J. (2008). The faces of facebookers: Investigating social enhancement and social compensation hypotheses; Predicting facebookTM and offline popularity from sociability and self-esteem, and mapping the meanings of popularity with semantic networks. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2008.01429.x




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jp.11.1.93-104

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
Proyeksi by http://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/proyeksi/ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Web Analytics Made Easy - StatCounter View My Stat