IMPLICATIONS OF THE DEBTOR'S REVERSE PROOF IN THE ACTIO PAULIANA CASE IN BANKRUPTCY LAW BASED ON EFFORTS TO PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF THE CREDITOR

Abstract

The growth of the business community in Indonesia, driven by technological advances and globalization, has facilitated international business but also created challenges, especially during financial crises such as the one that occurred in 1997. In the context of bankruptcy, the concept of Actio Pauliana is important to protect creditors from detrimental transactions made by debtors before the declaration of bankruptcy. This study analyzes the application of Actio Pauliana in bankruptcy law in Indonesia with a focus on the debtor's reverse burden of proof, which requires the debtor to prove that the transactions made do not harm the creditor. Normative legal research methods are used to understand the related regulations, with a statutory, conceptual, and case study approach. The results of the study indicate that Actio Pauliana and reverse burden of proof play an important role in protecting creditors' rights and mitigating the negative impacts of detrimental transactions. Suggestions for improvement include explaining the role of the curator, strengthening the supervision mechanism, and adding reverse burden of evidence rules to the Civil Code to strengthen legal certainty and third party protection.